Externalities and indirect effects tend to be diffuse, hard to pin down and measure.

But you can get a general vibe of them by asking, "do you feel proud of that?"

Imagine being shown a video of that decision in 10 years in front of a thousand people whose opinion you care about.

Would you wince?

When you're surrounded by fellow optimizers you won't necessarily be embarrassed of "ignoring the implications", because it's what everyone else does.

But what if you showed it to your grandma and walked her through the decision you made?