The same output from a bottom up process is more resilient than the same output from a top down process.
- The same output from a bottom up process is more resilient than the same output from a top down process.
- Even if they are superficially similar.
- Because the process that generated the bottom-up outcome is an auto-adaptive process.
- For example, consider a mall vs the 'businesses' on a cruise ship.
- A top down process says "we should have an ice cream shop".
- A bottom up process says "of the applicants for the space, this one is the best"
- The latter creates coherent pluralism.